A systematic review of methodological approaches and measurement of adherence to micronutrient supplementation among women of reproductive age in low-and middle-income countries

Ensuring adherence to recommended micronutrient supplementation regimens is essential for addressing malnutrition among women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). While efficacy trials often use biomarker changes as proxies for adherence, public health programs employ diverse methodologies to measure adherence. However, consolidated evidence on the methodological approaches used in these programs and the extent of their standardization remains scarce. This systematic review addresses this gap by exploring adherence measurement methodologies, including adherence thresholds, data collection methods, the number of methods utilized, and measurement frequencies.