Knowledge, attitude, and practice of antenatal care among pregnant women: a community-based cross-sectional study in Bosaso, Puntland, Somalia

Antenatal care (ANC) is a crucial component of maternal health services, aiming to ensure the health of both the mother and the newborn during pregnancy.  It serves as a comprehensive health service designed to detect, prevent, and manage complications during pregnancy, ultimately promoting positive maternal and neonatal outcomes. A community-based cross-sectional study, conducted from February to May 2024 in Bosaso, Somalia, aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding ANC among pregnant women. A total of 384 participants were selected using clustered and systematic sampling from four villages in Bosaso.  This study highlights adherence to recommended visits remains low.  A significant gap exists between ANC initiation and completion, with barriers to access and awareness.  Strengthening knowledge, attitudes, and targeted interventions, such as community support could improve ANC utilization and maternal health outcomes.